Nanyang, a prefecture-level city in southwestern Henan Province, China, is a historic and cultural hub with a rich legacy dating back to the Warring States period. Known as "Wan" in ancient times, it was a key iron-smelting center and the capital of the Shen state. Nanyang is renowned for producing notable figures like Zhang Heng, a pioneering scientist, and Zhuge Liang, a legendary strategist. The city, nestled in the Nanyang Basin with a humid subtropical climate, is a major agricultural and industrial center, famous for Nanyang Jade and its vibrant Chu and Han cultural heritage. With a population exceeding 9.7 million, it remains a significant economic and transportation node in Central China.